Conceptual Framework for Autonomous Airside Vehicles Business Models

The adoption of electric autonomous vehicles (EAVs) is set to revolutionize airport ground operations. Airports are increasingly developing new autonomous innovation strategies to meet sustainability goals and address future challenges, such as shifting labor markets, evolving working conditions, and the growing impact of digitalization [1]. The traditional business model, in which manufacturers sell vehicles to operators (ground handlers), may no longer be relevant. The increasing complexity and advancement of EAVs will drive up costs, making the ownership model less appealing and shifting the focus from product-oriented to service-oriented models. This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework for potential business models for the implementation of EAVs in airport airside operations.