Digitally supported dietary counseling increases protein intake in community dwelling older adults: preliminary results of the VITAMIN RCT

Rationale In order to prevent sarcopenia in community dwelling older adults a higher daily protein intake is needed. A new m-health strategy for dietary counseling was used with the aim to increase total daily protein intake to optimal levels (minimal 1.2 g/kg/d, optimal 1.5 g/kg/d) through use of regular food products.Methods The VITAMIN (VITal AMsterdam older adults IN the city) RCT included 245 community dwelling older adults (age ≥ 55y): control, exercise, and exercise plus dietary counseling (protein) group. Dietary intake was measured by a 3d dietary record at baseline and after 6 months intervention. In total 173 subjects were eligible for analysis. A two-way mixed ANOVA with time, group, and time*group interaction was performed. Post-hoc Bonferroni was performed with significance level at p<0.05.Results Mean age of the subjects was 72.1±6.3, with a BMI of 25.7±4.2 of which 68% were females. ANOVA revealed significant effect of time, group and time*group (p<0.001). Table 1 shows higher protein intake over time in the dietary counseling group than either control (p=0.038) or exercise (p=0.008) group. Additional analyses revealed no change in vegetable protein intake. The higher protein intake was fully accounted for by animal protein intake. In the dietary counseling group 72% of subjects increased protein intake above the minimum intake level.Conclusions This study shows digitally supported dietary counseling improves protein intake sufficiently in community dwelling older adults. Protein intake increase by counseling with m-health is a promising strategy for dieticians with the upcoming rising ageing population.Keywords: Aging, Sarcopenia, Functioning, Nutrition, Technology